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“A tone is a sound which is produced by a regular vibration. So it has only one frequency even though intensity/amplitude can vary. Loudspeaker is one of the electronic transducer which converts electrical signals to pressure variation to produce the sensation of sound. The diaphragm of the speaker will vibrate according to the frequency and amplitude of electrical signals feed to it. Audible frequency range of humans is from 20Hz to 20KHz, so we are going to generate electrical signals in this range using 555 IC and feed it to the speaker. The 555 timer is operated in Astable multivibrator mode. In Astable mode multivibrator mode, timer produces accurate free running square waveforms without the aid of any external triggers.”

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